Top most Companies to Work for in Bangalore

 Bangalore, also known as the Silicon Valley of India, has many amazing companies. That’s why many new graduates and professionals dream of working for these top companies.

Bangalore is home to both large and small businesses, dozens of industries, and thousands of individuals from all over the country with diverse cultures.

In truth, Bangalore is no longer just India’s IT hub; it also houses aeronautics, automotive components, biotechnology, electronics machine tools, space research, scientific research, defence science research, and silk manufacturing.

But what is fueling the development of Bangalore’s industries? One of the main reasons Bangalore is such a great place to work is because it houses the headquarters of some of the best companies worldwide.

These companies have their own special culture, diverse employees, and high levels of employee satisfaction. They attract the most talented individuals in the industry and are consistently rated as the best places to work in Bangalore.

List of Best Companies to Work in Bangalore

1. Infosys
2. Google
3. SAP Labs
4. Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services
5. Amazon 
6. Music Broadcast Ltd.
7. BMC Software India Pvt. Ltd.
8. Samsung
9. American Express
10. Ujjivan Financial Services 

1. Infosys (Glassdoor Rating -3.7)

One of the most sought-after IT companies in India, Infosys leads the list. The company offers perks such as paternity and maternity leaves, healthcare insurance and regular on-the-job training, attesting to the fact that employee satisfaction and happiness are crucial elements for the organisation.

Office: # 44 & 97/A, Infosys Avenue, Electronic City, Bangalore – 560100, Next to SBI

Details	Information
Industry	Information Technology and Services
Year Founded	1981
Headquarters	Bangalore, Karnataka, India
CEO	Salil Parekh
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $100 billion (as of 2023)
Key Services	IT consulting, software engineering, outsourcing
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): USD 14.6 billion
Key Strengths	Global presence, strong brand, technology focus
Key Challenges	Competition, talent retention, technological shifts

What makes Infosys one of the top companies to work for?

Infosys is often regarded as one of the top companies to work for due to several key factors:

• Infosys prioritises its employees and fosters a culture of inclusivity, diversity, and respect.
• It provides extensive training programs, mentorship opportunities, and resources for continuous learning, enabling employees to enhance their skills and progress in their careers.
• Infosys is known for its focus on innovation and cutting-edge technology. Employees have the opportunity to work on diverse and challenging projects across various industries, allowing them to contribute to groundbreaking solutions and stay at the forefront of the industry.
• Infosys emphasises work-life balance and offers flexible work arrangements to help employees maintain harmony between their professional and personal lives. 
• Infosys is led by experienced and visionary leaders who are committed to the company’s success and the growth of its employees. 
• Infosys values and recognises the contributions of its employees through various reward and recognition programs. It offers competitive compensation packages, performance-based incentives, and opportunities for career advancement, motivating employees to excel and achieve their goals.

2. Google (Glassdoor Rating – 4.4)

A flexible work schedule, the facility to enjoy outdoor and indoor games, sleep pods, free food, health insurance, competitive salaries and above all, tremendous learning and growth opportunities are some of the incentives that Google offers.

It is no doubt, then, that the leading multinational company, offering innovative technology solutions and more, is one of the best companies to work for in Bangalore.

Office: 4th Floor, RMZ Infinity, Tower E, Old Madras Road, Bangalore – 560016, Opposite Big Bazaar. 

Details	Information
Industry	Technology, Internet Services
Year Founded	1998
Headquarters	Mountain View, California, USA
CEO	Sundar Pichai
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $2 trillion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Search engine, advertising, cloud computing, AI
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): USD 238 billion
Key Strengths	Dominant search engine, innovation, global reach
Key Challenges	Privacy concerns, antitrust issues, competition

What makes Google one of the top companies to work for?

The place where everything begins and ends with people must be among the coolest places to work.

During their time at Google, one can participate in a variety of enjoyable activities and receive numerous employee benefits.

• Google’s office offers ‘break-out’ places for staff to have space out’ times. Google’s management feels that a calm mind can only yield enjoyable innovations.
• Google honours its employees’ innovative success stories and organises a ‘bureaucracy buster’ day when employees can recommend policy changes.
• Google provides academic scholarships and staff resource organisations, including Women@Google, to promote women’s leadership in technology.

3. SAP Labs (Glassdoor Rating – 4.5)

SAP Labs India, another IT giant, has a unique work culture. At SAP, employees who have just started working can benefit tremendously from the company’s innovative career development programs. A flexible and inclusive environment, the company’s HR policies focus on employee satisfaction and equality. Revolutionising tech solutions and developing innovations, the company is a market leader in enterprise application software. 

Office: #138, SAP Labs Road, EPIP Zone, Whitefield, Bangalore – 560066.

Details	Information
Industry	Enterprise Software
Year Founded	1972
Headquarters	Walldorf, Germany
CEO	Christian Klein
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $150 billion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Enterprise resource planning, business software
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): €29.7 billion
Key Strengths	Industry-leading ERP solutions, global customer base
Key Challenges	Competition, shifting market demands, integration complexity

Read on: Best 10 Companies to work for India to grow your Career

What makes it one of the best companies to work for?

This global company is one of the best IT Companies in Bangalore, with a Glassdoor rating that has risen from 3.7 to 4.5 in one year. It has also seen an outstanding increase in employee engagement and happiness.

SAP Labs offers a variety of activities to keep staff motivated.

• Female employees are eligible for twenty weeks of paid maternity leave, as well as supplementary prenatal and postpartum benefits.
• SAPlings in-house crèche serves 250 children aged nine months to six years. This programme provides children with nursery, Montessori education, summer camps and other activities.
• One of the most impactful initiatives has been an Employee Benevolent Fund called ‘Care for Life Fund’, which is a completely voluntary, employee-funded, and employee-managed initiative that provides financial assistance to employees and their families in times of unexpected and unforeseen emergencies.
• SAP has 33 interest groups, each of which caters to various leisure activities such as drama, music, art, and dance, allowing employees to follow their interests.

4. Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services (Glassdoor Rating -3.8)

Mahindra Finance, a subsidiary of Mahindra & Mahindra Limited, is one of the leading non-banking finance companies (NBFC) in the country. Meeting the financial needs of the large population residing in the rural and semi-urban areas of India, the company’s work environment attracts some of the best talent in the field of finance.

With on-the-job training programs, employee-focused initiatives, an annual budget dedicated to out-of-office activities, competitive salary packages and other perks, Mahindra Finance is another great company to build a career in, in the world of finance.

Office: #109, 1st Floor, Raheja Chambers, Museum Road, Bangalore – 560001. 

Details	Information
Industry	Financial Services
Year Founded	1991
Headquarters	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
CEO	Ramesh Iyer
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $3 billion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Financing for vehicles, rural and agricultural finance
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): ₹15,049 crores (approximately USD 2 billion)
Key Strengths	Rural and agricultural focus, strong customer base
Key Challenges	Economic volatility, regulatory changes, competition

What makes Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services one of the top companies to work for?

• Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services is known for its commitment to financial inclusion, providing access to financial services in rural and semi-urban areas. Employees find fulfilment in contributing to the empowerment of underprivileged communities.
• The company invests in extensive employee development programs, offering training, mentorship, and career advancement opportunities. 
• Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services upholds strong corporate values of integrity, transparency, and social responsibility.
• The company prioritises employee well-being by offering competitive compensation, comprehensive health benefits, and work-life balance initiatives. Employees feel supported and valued, leading to higher job satisfaction and loyalty.

5. Amazon (Glassdoor Rating – 4.2)

One of the most loved companies in Bangalore, the company’s work culture is intensely innovative and majorly focused on offering great customer experience.

Therefore, you will find plenty of learning opportunities as a result of being a part of high-performance teams. Always supporting diversity and inclusion, Amazon employees enjoy benefits like vacation and paid time-off, healthcare insurance, the option to work from home and maternity and paternity leaves.

The e-commerce giant began its operations in India in 2014. Since then, Amazon India has gone on to capture a big market share in India.

Office: #26/1, 8th, 9th  & 10th Floor, Brigade Gateway, Dr. Rajkumar Road, Malleswaram West, Bangalore – 560055, Near Orion Mall. 

Details	Info
Industry	E-commerce, Cloud Computing, Digital Streaming
Year Founded	1994
Headquarters	Seattle, Washington, USA
CEO	Andy Jassy
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $1.5 trillion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Online retail, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Prime Video
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): USD 530 billion
Key Strengths	Massive product selection, logistics infrastructure, AWS dominance
Key Challenges	Labour relations, regulatory scrutiny, competition

What makes Amazon one of the top companies to work for?

• Amazon fosters an innovative work environment where employees are encouraged to think big, experiment, and embrace change. 
• Amazon provides abundant opportunities for career growth and advancement, both vertically and horizontally.
• Amazon has a strong customer-centric culture, and employees are empowered to prioritise customer satisfaction above all else. 
• Amazon values diversity and inclusion, creating a workplace where employees from diverse backgrounds feel welcome and respected. 

6. Music Broadcast Ltd. (Glassdoor Rating – 4)

Music Broadcast Limited (MBL) is a subsidiary of Jagran Prakashan Ltd. Radio City, a part of Music Broadcast Limited, is the first and oldest private FM radio broadcaster in India.

With more than 16 years of expertise in the radio industry, MBL has supportive management and employee-friendly HR policies.

Offering a flexible work environment, the company gives great importance to teamwork and suitably rewards it. Also, the employees are given a considerable amount of creative freedom.

Office: 4th Floor, Vakil Square Building, #56/3, Gurappanapalya, Bannerghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560029. 

Details	Info
Industry	Media and Entertainment
Year Founded	2001
Headquarters	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
CEO	Apurva Purohit
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $150 million (as of 2023)
Key Services	Radio broadcasting
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): ₹353 crores (approximately USD 47 million)
Key Strengths	Strong radio presence, diverse content offerings
Key Challenges	Competition from digital platforms, advertising market fluctuations

What makes it one of the top companies to work for?

• Music Broadcast Ltd. offers a creative and dynamic work environment, particularly appealing to individuals passionate about media and entertainment. 
• The company promotes strong team collaboration, encouraging employees to work together to achieve common goals. 
• Music Broadcast Ltd. provides opportunities for talent showcase and recognition, whether it’s through hosting radio shows, content creation, or organising events.
• The company is committed to delivering entertainment excellence to its audience, and employees take pride in being part of a brand that brings joy and excitement to people’s lives.

7. BMC Software India Pvt. Ltd. (Glassdoor Rating -3.9)

A global leader in software solutions that help IT transform traditional businesses into digital enterprises, BMC Software India Pvt. Ltd. is another great place to work in Bangalore.

From mainframe to mobile to cloud and more, their unique products and offerings are a result of great teamwork and high employee satisfaction. A fun and welcoming workplace for everyone, the company offers paid volunteer time-off (VTO), gym memberships, pet insurance and a great parental leave policy.

Office: # 1, Nagarjuna Castle, Wood St, Ashok Nagar, Bangalore – 560025.  

Details	Info
Industry	Information Technology and Services
Year Founded	1980
Headquarters	Houston, Texas, USA
CEO	Ayman Sayed
Key Services	IT solutions, digital enterprise management
Recent Performance	Revenue: Data not publicly available
Key Strengths	Robust IT solutions portfolio, global presence
Key Challenges	Competitive IT market, technological advancements

What makes it one of the top companies to work for?

• BMC Software India Pvt. Ltd. is at the forefront of technology innovation, providing employees with the opportunity to work on cutting-edge projects and solutions.
• BMC Software invests in employee development, offering training programs, certifications, and career growth opportunities. 
• BMC Software fosters a collaborative work culture where teamwork, communication, and knowledge-sharing are valued. Employees enjoy working in a supportive environment where they can learn from each other and grow together.

8. Samsung (Glassdoor Rating -3.5)

One of the leading companies in the electronics industry, Samsung India extensively supports the creativity and diversity of its employees.

A South Korean multinational, Samsung has a huge research and development centre in Bangalore that hires developers to build technology for new products.

With a work culture that is energising and inspiring, the company offers several employee perks such as maternity and paternity leaves, free lunch and snacks, healthcare insurance, on-the-job learning programs and more.  

Office: #2870, Phoenix Building, Bagmane Constellation Business Park Doddanakundi Circle Post, Outer Ring Road, Doddanekundi, Marathahalli, Bangalore – 560037. 

Details	Info
Industry	Electronics, Semiconductors, Telecommunications
Year Founded	1938
Headquarters	Seoul, South Korea
CEO	Kim Ki-Nam (as of my last update)
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $300 billion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Consumer electronics, smartphones, semiconductors
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): Approximately USD 220 billion
Key Strengths	Diverse product portfolio, technological innovation, global presence
Key Challenges	Competition, market saturation in some sectors, geopolitical tensions

What makes Samsung one of the top companies to work for?

• Samsung is known for its innovation in electronics, semiconductors, and telecommunications. Employees are attracted to the opportunity to work on cutting-edge technology products and solutions.
• Samsung has a strong global presence, providing employees with opportunities to work in diverse locations and collaborate with colleagues from around the world.
• Samsung offers competitive employee benefits, including health insurance, retirement plans, and performance-based bonuses. Employees appreciate the comprehensive benefits package that supports their well-being and financial security.
• Samsung is committed to sustainability and corporate social responsibility. Employees take pride in working for a company that prioritises environmental stewardship and social impact, contributing to a better future for society.

9. American Express (Glassdoor Rating – 4)

A leading financial services provider, American Express was voted as one of the best companies to work for by the Economic Times in 2018. Employees working at the company enjoy a variety of benefits.

These include a 24-hour wellness centre and health helpline for employees’ parents, maternity, paternity and adoption leave, personal accident insurance, an onsite gym, onsite prayer, meditation and lactation rooms, savings and retirement guidance, etc.

Office: Salarpuria Tech Point, The Oasis Centre, 5th Floor, 100 Feet Road, Srinivagilu, Ejipura Main Road, Koramangala, Bangalore – 560047. 

Details	Info
Industry	Financial Services
Year Founded	1850
Headquarters	New York City, New York, USA
CEO	Stephen J. Squeri
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $100 billion (as of 2023)
Key Services	Credit cards, payment processing, travel services
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): Approximately USD 40 billion
Key Strengths	Strong brand, premium card offerings, customer loyalty
Key Challenges	Regulatory compliance, competition from fintech firms

What makes it one of the top companies to work for?

• American Express invests in employee development through training programs, mentorship, and career advancement opportunities. Employees have access to resources and support to enhance their skills and grow professionally.
• Fosters an inclusive workplace culture where diversity is celebrated, and all employees feel valued and respected. 
• American Express is known for its customer-centric approach, and employees are empowered to deliver exceptional service and solutions to customers. 
• American Express upholds strong corporate values of integrity, excellence, and community involvement. Employees are inspired by the company’s commitment to ethical business practices and making a positive impact on society.

10. Ujjivan Financial Services (Glassdoor Rating -3.7)

Ujjivan Financial Services started as an NBFC in 2005 with a mission to offer financial services to the economically weaker sections of society. The company soon went on to float a wholly-owned subsidiary known as Ujjivan Small Finance Bank Limited. What attracts people to work with Ujjivan is a host of employee benefits.

These include medical insurance for self and family, flexible working hours, group term and accident insurance, employee stock options plan, staff loans, staff education grants, etc.

Office: 169/2, 5, Chamarajpet, Bangalore – 560018. 

Details	Info
Industry	Financial Services
Year Founded	2005
Headquarters	Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
CEO	Ittira Davis
Market Capitalisation	Approximately $200 million (as of 2023)
Key Services	Microfinance, small business loans, banking services
Recent Performance	Revenue (FY 2023): ₹3,290 crores (approximately USD 440 million)
Key Strengths	Focus on financial inclusion, extensive microfinance network
Key Challenges	Regulatory compliance, economic fluctuations

What makes it one of the top companies to work for?

• Ujjivan Financial Services is dedicated to promoting financial inclusion and empowering underserved communities through microfinance and small business loans.
• The company offers opportunities for employee growth and career advancement through training, mentorship, and performance recognition programs. 
• Ujjivan Financial Services maintains strong corporate governance practices, instilling trust and confidence among employees. Employees feel secure and proud to work for a company with a reputation for integrity and transparency.
• Ujjivan Financial Services prioritises customer service excellence, and employees are empowered to provide personalised support and solutions to customers.

Now that you have a brief insight into them, you can go ahead and start exploring these top 10 companies to work for in Bangalore. Make sure you update your resume and stay updated on new job opportunities. 

FAQ on Top 10 Companies in Bangalore

1. Which companies are included in the top 10 list?

Answer: The top 10 companies to work for in Bangalore are Google India, Infosys, Microsoft India, Wipro, Flipkart, Biocon, IBM India, Amazon India, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), and Mindtree.

2. What makes these companies the best employers?

Answer: These companies offer attractive employee benefits, career growth opportunities, innovative work culture, work-life balance, and employee recognition.

3. Are these companies currently hiring?

Answer: Yes, these companies have ongoing hiring needs. Check their official websites for job listings and application instructions.

4. What job opportunities are available at these companies?

Answer: They offer diverse roles, including Software Development, Data Science, Business Development, HR, Finance, Marketing, and Customer Support.

5. How can I research more about these companies?

Answer: Explore their websites, read employee reviews on Glassdoor, and follow them on LinkedIn and social media for insights and updates.

Best Ways to share the Salary History

 Talking about money can be uncomfortable for a job applicant. You want to make sure you are being paid what you think you deserve, but you don’t want your previous salary to determine your new salary, especially if you have reasons to believe you should be earning more.

In your next job interview, it’s likely that you will be asked: a) how much you currently earn, b) how much you earned in your previous job before your current one, and c) how much you want to earn in the new job.Employers usually ask about your salary history to understand if your expectations align with theirs. They also want to know if you received any salary increases or bonuses in the past.

Why do employers seek a salary history?

• They want to know your market value. Your wage history, specifically the compensation you earned in your most recent work, is one aspect an employer might use to determine your degree of experience and the value you’ll offer to the company.

• They want to guarantee that your expectations match their budget for the task. If your most recent compensation is much higher than what an employer is willing to offer, this may indicate that you are overqualified for the position.

• They want to be sure they’re offering a fair wage for the role. For example, if the majority of applicants to a job submit previous salary histories that considerably surpass what they have budgeted for the role, the employer may need to boost their offer or change the job description to target junior workers.

Should I always share my previous salaries with employers?
What Is The Best Way To Share My Salary History?

• Use generic terminology. Instead of mentioning an exact sum, you may provide a broad range.

• Use a range. If your compensation has increased over your tenure in your current position, you may choose to enter a range or a starting and current wage. In addition to meeting the employer’s requirement, it demonstrates that you added enough value to justify a pay increase.

• Give an exact number. You can specify your precise income or round up to the nearest whole amount. For example, if you earn INR 4,80,000, you might want to round it to INR 5,00,000.

Tips and Strategies To Share Salary History with Employer
Follow these strategies to guarantee you obtain the correct salary. Do
Put your expected salary in your CV or cover letter
This isn’t necessary for all jobs, but if you have a good idea of what the range the job will pay (it will often state on the job ad) you can include this. It will essentially let the employer know you are both on the same page, and could help get your CV from the “no” pile to the “yes”. Oh, and always say it’s “negotiable” to give yourself (and them) some leeway.
Focus on your skills and potential
When it comes to salary, it’s about being paid an amount that is appropriate for your level of experience, knowledge and competencies to do the job that is required of you. If you have the necessary skills – and then some – hone in on these. Talk about them frequently and give examples of how you have used these skills in the past. Make the employer understand why you deserve the salary you want.
Be prepared to explain why you want more money
“Because I’ve been doing this job for two years” is not a good enough answer. A new employer doesn’t care that you’ve done the job before somewhere else – they need to see for themselves that you are capable of what you state. If you are currently being underpaid in your role, explain why you think this is and explain what you can bring to the table. Any new employer doesn’t want to feel as though they are overpaying you, so be prepared to back up your request.
Argue about furnishing your past payslips
It’s generally accepted that HR can request for your past payslips to determine an appropriate salary. In other countries around the world this wouldn’t fly, but it’s fairly standard practice here. Don’t get your back up about it – it’s par for the course. To mitigate the possibility of getting paid the exact same amount that you have been paid in the past, let them know your expected salary moving forward.
Sell yourself short
Don’t get overcome with fear when talking about money to the point where you understate your abilities or worth just to get the job. If you are qualified for the position, then you are qualified! If the employer is basing your new salary on your history and you’re not happy with that, don’t be afraid to speak up for yourself. You can try say something like:
What Details Should Be Included in a Salary History?

Continue to list any job you’ve worked that you’d like to add. If you don’t want to list one because it’s a temporary job or pays less than average, you can leave it off. If you included a company in your application, CV, or resume, you may be required to submit pay information for that employment.

Is it legal for employers to request a salary history?
Conclusion
FAQ on Ways to share the Salary History
Q 1: Should I share my salary history with employers?
Q 2: What are alternative ways to discuss salary expectations with employers?
Q 3: How can I deflect questions about my salary history?
Q 4: Can sharing my salary history negatively affect my future earnings?
Q 5: What if an employer insists on knowing my salary history?
x

When an employer asks you to reveal your previous earnings, it is most likely for the same reasons they would ask for your pay expectations. These causes typically include the following: Not all employers will require candidates to reveal their salary history, and you may not even be asked this question. If an employer does not request this information, you are not required to include it with your application or during any other stage of the hiring process. If an employer does not request your salary history, they may ask you your preferred salary range instead. If you are not comfortable sharing your salary history or compensation requests with an employer because you do not believe you know enough about the role or would prefer to discuss it in person, you may respectfully decline or divert the topic. In this scenario, you’ll want to explain your reasons. For instance: “I would prefer to learn more about the role and its responsibilities before discussing salary expectations.” There are three ways you can discuss your salary history, depending on how much you want to share, how much data the company requires, and what stage of the process you’re in. Here are three ways you can handle the request: For instance: “My current salary is around 5 lakhs per annum.” For instance: “I started my role at INR 3,50,000 and my current salary is INR 4,80,000.” For instance, “My current salary is INR 5,00,000.” If you receive additional pay on top of your base income, such as regular bonuses or commissions, include that information as well. If your supplemental compensation varies, provide an average. For instance: “I currently earn a base salary of INR 4,80,000 plus an average quarterly bonus of INR 50,000.”You may be required to supply an income history record or a template to complete. In this situation, provide the highest gross yearly compensation for each position. Your gross annual salary is the entire amount of money you earned in one year at a job before taxes. 

Don’t Lie about your salary history All it takes is one phone call for a potential new employer to find out you lied about how much you were getting paid at your last job. It’s a surefire way to lose their trust – and your place as their preferred candidate. “I was being paid X at my last role because of [insert reasons]. Now, I feel as though I have gained the experience necessary to take on this role you are offering and I want to ensure I am being paid fairly for my talents.” If you are required to submit salary history in writing, it may be simpler to do so using a template. Some applications have one, so you can easily fill it out. If one is not provided, you can use the following template to document a specific salary: If you’re not comfortable giving an actual income, you can use this template to indicate a range. If there is a significant gap between your starting point and your earnings when you leave a position, feel free to specify the amount you wish to be considered in your job offer.  It is not always legal for a future employer to obtain a salary history. Those who can lawfully do so cannot utilize it for discriminatory employment practices. If you are unsure if you are required to provide this information or if you are concerned that this inquiry will be used for discriminatory hiring practices, contact your state or municipal labour office for more information on what is authorized by law. At the end of the day, remember that if the company makes you an offer, you are still in a position to negotiate. What you state in the interview isn’t necessarily concrete – but don’t go so far in the other direction during negotiations either! This will just waste everyone’s time. Good luck! Got a figure in mind that you want to earn? Search available jobs here by salary and start applying!

Ans: It is generally not recommended to share your salary history with employers, as it can limit your negotiation power and potentially lead to being offered a lower salary. Instead, focus on discussing your desired salary based on your skills, experience, and the market value for the position. Ans: Instead of sharing your salary history, you can research the market value for the position and use that information to provide a salary range or discuss your salary expectations based on your qualifications and the responsibilities of the role. Ans: Politely redirect the conversation by emphasizing your qualifications and the value you can bring to the company. You are more interested in discussing the potential salary for the position based on your skills and experience. Ans: Yes, sharing your salary history can limit your earning potential. If employers base their offers on your previous salary, it may prevent you from receiving a higher salary that aligns with your current market value and experience. Ans: If you find yourself in a situation where an employer insists on knowing your salary history, consider providing a salary range based on the market value for the position. This allows some flexibility while avoiding sharing specific past earnings.

Aspect of Supply Chain and Quality Management System...

 One of the most important aspects in Supply Chain is identification and traceability of products or services. Product traceability enables manufacturers to track the origin of a product, including the raw materials used in its production, the manufacturing process, and the packaging and distribution process. Product can be Final assembly, Sub-assembly, Component Parts, Raw Materials or any kind of Services.

In ISO 9001 standards, from the beginning version to the latest one (2015) , one important clause is there on Product identification and traceability.   In ISO 9001:2015, subclause 8.5.2- Identification and Traceability states the following three requirements around identification and traceability:

·       Use appropriate means to identify outputs when it is required to ensure the conformity of products and services.

·       Identify the status of outputs with respect to monitoring and measuring requirements throughout production and service provision.

·       Control the unique identification of the outputs when traceability is a requirement, and retain documented information on traceability.

This means, one manufacturer or service provider has to maintain proper objective evidence in terms of documentation for Identification and Traceability of their products and services to attain conformance in their Quality Standards. These documentation can be in the form of Paper work, Bar Code, ERP Forms , Route Card or Job Card, Work Order, Inspection Labels, Process Sheet, Project log or Status Report.

In early 90s , manufacturers who produces very critical items , these kind of documentations were mandatory as per their Customer’s requirement. I can remember when I was working in a manufacturing company who were producing Current collection unit for railways, used to maintain these documents mostly manually. One case happened when one Pantograph (Current collection unit in train) got failed in the trial run and returned to our factory from railways workshop. The failure was due to a machining fault of one its major part and we identified the root cause of the failure by tracing back from assembly to in process inspection following all its relevant document. The part has a serial number or an inspection date stamp on it and by that Number we could find out the inspection date, machining date, lot of the machining in shop floor and the machine number where it has been machined initially. We found that the internal diameter of the part was wrong (not in the tolerance limit) as it did not match with the drawing provided to the operator. The drawing was a controlled copy with latest revision. Eventually, it was a fault of the operator as well as shop floor inspector who measured the diameter incorrectly after machining and wrongly entered in the Job Sheet. In this way , we could reach to the root cause of the problem and took preventive action on this. So, product identification and traceability helped identifying bottlenecks in the production process and fix them quickly, resulting in improved throughput and reduced waste.

Product traceability can improve efficiency by streamlining the manufacturing process. By accurately tracking the movement of raw materials, manufacturers can better manage their inventory and avoid production delays due to shortages. Traceability is often a legal requirement for manufacturers, especially in the food, pharmaceutical, and automotive industries. Manufacturers must ensure their products meet regulatory requirements, including safety, quality, and environmental standards. Traceability provides the necessary documentation and audit trails required to demonstrate such regulatory compliance.

Responsibility of maintaining traceability lies on various stake holders who are involved in product development, manufacturing, planning and quality inspection. They are basically design engineers, planning engineers, shop floor supervisors, operators, inspection team and delivery executives. Each of them is equally responsible to maintain proper documentation of their respective action to ensure traceability of the any parts or products are maintained properly. Even sub-contractors, suppliers , external auditors, transportation agencies  are held responsible in this seamless process . They must provide accurate and detailed information about the materials and components they supply, including origin, quality, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Suppliers must also ensure that all materials are properly identified and labeled and maintain accurate records to enable traceability throughout the supply chain. Distributors or Logistics provider or seller also should present proper document to customers or consumers to ensure that product is identified properly and it can be traced throughout their manufacturing process to avoid any counterfeiting.

Procedure for Product Identification and Traceability :

Procedures to identify products and to maintain its traceability varies depending on type of industry and product or material being handled. However, generally it can be categorized as :

Procedures for identifying products.

Procedures for segregating and differentiating between product and tooling when their function and look are similar.

 Procedures for providing traceability of product or item including unique serialization.

Generally, there are three types of material are being handled in a Manufacturing Industry which need proper identification and traceability:

·Product: Any Part or Assembly which is Ordered by Customer or in Work in progress (WIP) . For Service Industry It can be a Software, Documents, Reports or Schedules or any other services.

 Raw Material: Any materials or items which become integral part of the finished products. Some of these items are called as consumables.

Tooling: Devices used by manufacturing for set up or production e.g Jigs and Fixtures. Similarly devices used for inspection to accept/reject the material, e.g. Testing fixtures.

Identification and Traceability of:

·Product: Identification typically includes assigning a Part Number, Revision and unique Serial Number (if applicable) or Work Order Number. This is done by any of the following methods :

a.Assigning a Part Number physically by ink or etching or some other method on the Part.

b.Storing  the Parts in designated /identified Location  with appropriate Tag/Board or Paper works.

c.For critical parts where unique serialization is required for traceability, the parts are identified by a unique serial number as per customer’s requirement. No two parts will be given same serial number. Work Order number, under which Parts are manufactured , is the Key Document Number which shall record the Part serial numbers.

d.Sometimes, if same kind of parts are produced in bulk, unique lot or batch number is used to identify the parts.

Raw Material:

a.For traceability raw materials are required to mark lot number or batch number under which the have been procured. These lot/batch number are put during receipt of material. Sometimes Purchase Order Number or Supplier lot number are also used for identification and traceability.

b.Unused Raw material will be returned to stock with proper identification before re-entry into inventory for future use.

Tooling:

a.All Tools used for Production (fixtures, jigs, molds, support or set up devices etc) should be designated and built according to engineering data. Those should be validated to ensure that performance of the tool is as expected without damaging the product.

b.After validation tools are marked with a unique Tool ID number. The Number should be such that it can be distinguished from Main Part Number or Raw material.

For Service Deliverable:

a.In case of Service Industries, Service deliverables are identified by Title, Document Number (Customer Contract Number) , Revision Number, Release date.

b.In all cases, the deliverables will be identified in a such way so that it can be understood for which Contract or Project the deliverables relate to.

After ERP evolved, product identification and traceability become an inherent feature in all ERP packages. It can be done by following ways:

·Codification of all items used in manufacturing process is the first step of Product identification. If Item is properly codified, from code itself it is possible to identify the nature of the item.

Different item attributes are also used to differentiate one item from another.

 Every item in the ERP system can be tracked at any point of item through Lot Control, Batch Control or Serial Control features. From serial number it can be traced back easily which supplier sent this and against which Purchase Order it is received.

·Similarly in case any of any customer complaints, the root cause of the problem can easily be found out exploring different functionality like Customer orders, Shop Floor Execution, Work Orders, Material Issue, Inventory, Inspection and Purchase Orders.

·ERP being an integrated system among various departments, it has become most effective tool nowadays for maintain product identification and traceability. To maintain this more effectively, manufacturers are currently integrating Bar coding, RFID Tagging or Blockchain with ERP system.

In conclusion, product identification and traceability play a major crucial role in any manufacturing industry. It keeps all records of Product journey from raw material to finished goods stage and ensures consumers a high quality and socially acceptable product. It also helps developing automation in manufacturing process. As the manufacturing industry continues to evolve, it is essential to stay up to date with the latest trends and advancements in product identification traceability to remain competitive and meet consumer demands.

HIPAA Compliance in AWS Cloud

 Introduction:

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) is a law designed to protect the security and privacy of protected health information (PHI) data and applies to covered entities and Business Associates. HIPAA was revised in year 2009 by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act. HIPAA has certain requirements on

• How to use and disclosure the PHI information
• Safeguards to protect PHI
• Individual rights
• Administrative responsibilities.

HIPAA required companies to develop regulations for protecting the privacy and security of certain health information. To fulfill this requirement, they need to manage what are commonly known as the HIPAA Privacy and Security Rule. The Privacy Rule, or Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information, establishes standards for the protection of health information. The Security Standards for the Protection of Electronic Protected Health Information (the Security Rule) set up a set of security standards for protecting certain health information that is stored or transferred in electronic form. Note that if you failed to comply with HIPPA regulation, then there are possibilities of  losing the trust of your client and expose you to legal action as well. There are criminal and civil penalties that could include fines of $250,000, and imprisonment for up to ten years.

1)  HIPAA Compliance top five challenges and How to overcome it?
1.1)  Find out, Is AWS Cloud HIPAA Compliant?

You will usually be wondering with one question, “Is AWS HIPAA compliant, let’s answer this important and mostly thought about by people working on compliance and audit related work. To answer you briefly, AWS alone doesn’t guarantee HIPAA compliance, but it offers services to meet the HIPAA compliance requirements. Now Let’s check what does it means. Amazon is supporting HIPAA compliance, and you would utilize its reliable services to create a cloud-based solution that will manage, maintain, and transfer confidential patient information and comply with HIPAA regulation. However, it’s not enough simply to use AWS services for HIPAA compliance. The main idea behind AWS HIPAA compliance is to have excellent knowledge of how to implement HIPAA controls using Amazon services. So, as a result, to deal with PHI data in a highly protected way, you should keep a note of  the AWS HIPAA security rules and standards and, of course, correctly fit it into your IT infrastructure.

Here is an example:
You are developing an application which is handling PHI data in AWS Cloud environment and your company is looking for HIPAA compliance. So, you would need to check what the AWS services are required, How Enterprise Architect will  design and architect applications to meet HIPAA compliance requirements. In this blog we will focus on the HIPAA compliance basic requirements for protecting PHI, what is service provider responsibility like signing agreement with AWS and others precaution to run workloads containing PHI.

1.2) How do we find out if I need a Business Associate Addendum for AWS Account?

The first step for HIPAA implementation, you need to sign and execute a Business Associate Addendum (BAA) agreement with Amazon Web Services to use the AWS Services for HIPAA compliance. BAA means Amazon Web Services share some of your legal obligations and guarantee that client will be informed of any data breach. To put it in simply way, you take care your data in cloud platforms, operating systems, apps, and other solutions. For AWS HIPAA compliant services, AWS are responsible for the security of database, cloud server infra, networks, and others infrastructure in the cloud and You are responsible for Security of the Cloud as per Shared Responsibility defined by AWS. It is up to you how you will use Amazon Web Services (AWS) to run workloads regulated under the HIPAA compliance. We are getting AWS services to securely process, store and transmit PHI data for the Covered Entities and their Business Associates. AWS is offering a standardized BAA for customer and HIPAA eligible Services to use HIPAA AWS account. This is mandatory to enter into an AWS Business Associate Agreement and without that customer suppose to not use the HIPAA eligible services for any purpose or in any manner involving PHI data. Thus AWS BAA agreement is required for an organization that would like to be HIPAA compliance for safeguarding PHI in AWS Cloud. For this you can use AWS Artifact service to Manage the agreements for HIPAA enable accounts in AWS Organization and during audit you can easily provide BAA agreement by using AWS Artifacts to your compliance officer

Example if you are developing an application which is handling PHI, so you need to find where Application is hosted in AWS Account including all infrastructure as per its architecture and must know how application is handling the PHI data (Example – Database, Logs etc). Accordingly, you need to accept the BAA for those AWS account(s). Please note that It is mandatory to accept BAA for the AWS Accounts which handle the PHI data.

Note:
As per AWS Organization OU and account structure design, the HIPAA compliance requirement for the application need to check at  AWS account level, you need to accept BAA at OU level or Account level. Before you accept an agreement,  Infosys recommend that you take advise from legal, privacy, and compliance team and get approval from them

1.3) What is Partner’s Platform As Service solution and BAA requirements for HIPAA compliant application?

Many AWS Partners may be hosting Platform As Service (PaaS) applications in AWS. In this case you as Partner has to sign a Business Associate Addendum (BAA) agreement with AWS and client that is using hosted application which we called as Healthcare Provider or Covered entity has to sign a BAA with you.  Please note that Covered entity do not have sign BAA with AWS. Please see below illustration on HIPAA compliance requirement in AWS cloud

1.4)  Implementation of HIPAA Controls in AWS Cloud?

You might be knowing that AWS  is offering  many services to fulfil your application’s high availability, scalability, security  requirements. You can begin with HIPAA compliant architecture of your application that will starting point for building a HIPAA applications. You need to review Application architecture in other layers as well as shown below

• Authorization and Authentication of application and Infra
• Application layer security
• Database layer

The below are some key points for HIPAA compliant application or platform.

a)  Authentication and Authorization of App and Infra

You would use AWS IAM primarily toward the authenticating and authorizing the use of AWS services and you need to setup additional controls for authentication and authorization for healthcare application. You might also want to consider identity federation and that can be extended your existing Identity provider solution like SAML 2.0, or Active Directory to cloud. The below are some considerations to achieve HIPAA compliance

• Check the authentication and authorization setup that you define for your HIPAA-eligible Application
• Implement the Multifactor Authentication (MFA) for users
• Do not create Access key for root account

b)   Application layer Security

Your application may accessible directly from Internet through Load Balancer (AWS ELB). You can enable HTTPS communications to protect PHI data and also enable SSL on Server side as well so that traffic between ELB and Backend servers is encrypted. You make use of additional layer of security  by introducing WAF – Web Application Firewalls in front of web applications and also use intrusion detection/prevention solutions. All these will help to  avoid any possible external malicious attacks to your applications.

c)   Database Layer Security

The PHI data is stored in database and to protect data, you should consider the following best practices for AWS based databases – Oracle, MSSQL, MySQL etc.

• Enable access to the database only from the application tier by using necessary network security group(s) and Network Access Control List rules.
• Enable encryption at AWS RDS level for Data at Rest and In-Transit

Note: Earlier before May 2017, the AWS HIPAA compliance program required that customers who are keeping PHI data using Amazon EC2 , they may needed to use dedicated instances or dedicated hosts, but this requirement has been removed now.

1.5)    Do we need to Segregate Prod and Non-Prod Environment?

Every Application may have Production and Non-Production environments as per development Team requirements. This Segregation serves as an obstacle and also limit environment from malicious attack and save it from technical issue. Also, it helps to control the user access as per environment and helps Security Team to gather the logs and enrich the data for Security Monitoring. Mostly the production environment will contain PHI data. You have to make sure that any non-Production environment must not get any PHI data from Production and there should be mechanism to track it.

 Note : If you are using any third part Application Monitoring then you have to see if it is HIPAA compliant before selecting it.  Example – Datadog log Management solution is HIPAA compliant so you can use it in your environment.

2) How Infosys assisted one of the Largest Pharmaceutical company

The Pharma company wanted to deploy their in-house/Third Party developed product in AWS cloud. It is Platform As Service based offering in production and Non-Prod environment which contain Protected Health Information (PHI) data. Infosys has analyzed their overall requirements for below client’s requirements

1.  Client want to keep PHI data away from their own network
2. The Platform As Service based solution  hosted  in AWS Cloud  should be completely owned by vendor in term of HIPAA compliance
3. Client want to have Non-Prod and Prod setup for their application

To meet client requirement, we have suggested the followings

1. AWS Cloud provider as CSP to host product in Infosys Owned cloud Tenancy.
2. Infosys Architecture Team has reviewed and deployed AWS HIPAA eligible services
3. Infosys has signed BAA contract document with AWS
4. The business entities using the hosted products have signed BAA with Infosys
5. Infosys architecture team segregated separately Non-Prod and Prod setups and make sure that there is no PHI data reside in Non-Prod setup
6. Infosys has setup processes for HIPAA compliance and audit involving all stakeholders with RACI

3)   Conclusion:

The HIPAA Compliance is to protect patient PHI data and to follow the standard guideline given by US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). In this article, we tried to clear the doubt of HIPAA compliance requirements , explained the HIPAA eligible AWS Services and how AWS is helping to maintain HIPAA compliant and also explained what role and responsibility of service provider who is maintaining the cloud hosted application/Infra. We also touched upon the topic of BAA requirements and what client has to do for AWS Account before storing PHI data in AWS Cloud by hosting HIPAA compliant application . In subsequence topic we discussed what is PaaS provider (Application hosting provider) responsibility to maintain the HIPAA for hosted application. We also explained how company can  implement the HIPAA compliance with help of example of Web, App and DB layer of application with important of segregation of environments. This way you can assist client to implement the HIPAA compliance in AWS Cloud which will be just start for Security Team to implement the HIPAA controls.

Enhance User Productivity and Improve Adoption of Oracle Content Management

 Businesses around the world prefer to manage the content for their usage centrally. This content could be related to different functions/processes such as sales, marketing, policies, training etc. Once this content is available in a single repository, web sites are generally developed for the end users to access this content. Key challenge is the ease of access to this content whenever user needs it, wherever user needs it. Apart from the websites, what if channels like intelligent chatbot is available for end users to search, fetch and access the content. Can this chatbot be seamlessly integrated with the commonly used tools like Microsoft teams or Slack.?

Oracle to the rescue

Oracle is the worldwide leader in providing SaaS and PaaS based solutions which spread across Customer Experience, ERP, HCM and more. Apart from these key solutions, Oracle also provides peripheral cloud services for Content Management and Conversational AI (chatbots) as well.

Oracle Content Management provides capability to create, publish and manage various types of content (documents, videos, images etc.).

Oracle Digital Assistant provides an AI platform to create conversational experiences for business applications through chat and voice interfaces. Let’s have a look at how these two cloud services can work in tandem to provide seamless experience to access the content easily and quickly.

Oracle Content Management (OCM)

Oracle Content Management is a cloud-based content hub. It is a PaaS service provided by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). It offers powerful collaboration capabilities to streamline the creation and delivery of content and improve employee engagement. Organizations can create a repository of content which can be consumed by various users. This content can be published to different channels like websites, mobile, chat etc.

Key Solution Components are:

• Repository: Repository is a logical storage location for all the assets. It is an entity which manages all the files/folders in a structured order.
• Asset: An asset can be a content item that represents an individual piece of content, such as product literature, compliance documents, a blog post, case study, or a digital asset that represents an image, video, or other type of media.
• Taxonomy: A taxonomy is a hierarchy of categories to allow asset categorizations and help users find assets. It represents how content across organization is defined and classified. For example, define taxonomies for products, branches, compliance type, roles or any other hierarchy of subject categories that is relevant for your organization.
• Integration: Oracle Content Management provides REST APIs for content delivery. These APIs can be used by consuming systems, for example chatbots to search, fetch and display the content.

Oracle Digital Assistant (ODA)

Oracle Digital Assistant enables development of chatbots which understands natural language and can be interacted through voice or text. ODA powered by Natural Language Processing (NLP) can understand the user query and respond appropriately as per the skills it is trained for. ODA has API based integration capabilities which can fetch information from various sources.

• Natural Language Processing: Allows creation of skills to cater to the user’s inputs and commands. The Digital Assistant takes care of the processing using inbuilt algorithms to understand the inputs.
• Conversational flow and context: The context of the chat is maintained and based on the user input, the appropriate flow is invoked.
• Enterprise Integration: Custom components can be created to integrate with multiple applications using APIs to fetch data and send data to the users.
• Multi-Channel Support: Digital Assistant can be integrated with various channels, such as website, MS Teams which can carry the conversations back and forth from users on various messaging platforms to the digital assistant and its various skill bots.

Functional Flow

Oracle Digital Assistant integrated with Oracle Content Management can provide seamless access to content stored in Cloud.The following example flow suggests searching and accessing various documents by different means.

• User can search documents by Categories.
• User can search documents by Name.
• User can search documents by Metadata (Content/Author)

Search by Categories

The user has an option to search by category hierarchy by choosing the category and then the Subcategory.  System displays all documents under the Subcategory hierarchy as hyperlink which user can click and download.

Search by Document Name

The user has an option to search the document using document name. The system searches the documents in the entire repository based on the document name and shows the documents as hyperlinks which user can click and download.

Search by Document Metadata (Content/Author)

The user has an option to search the document using document metadata. The system searches the documents in the entire repository-based document content, document author and other metadata and shows the documents as hyperlinks which user can click and download.

Architecture

The following diagram depicts the typical ODA architecture.

In this solution, ODA integrates with OCM to read metadata of the documents based on user inputs. A skill is created in ODA with different intents such as “List All Categories”, “Search Document By Content” and “Search Document by Name” for each of the options that user can choose. Based on the user selection the respective dialog flow is executed. System components built in node.js has the logic to integrate with OCM to retrieve data based on user inputs which is used by ODA to display as results. ODA has inbuilt capabilities for authentication using OAuth which is setup to enable authentication for APIs of external systems. OCM has built in Content Delivery APIs which are used to search documents, retrieve metadata of document to generate clickable URLs for document download. Below are the APIs which are used for this integration.

Get Taxonomy:

https://<<OCM_Host>>/content/published/api/v1.1/taxonomies?channelToken=<<channelToken>>&expand=children

Get Categories:

https://<<OCM_Host>>/content/published/api/v1.1/taxonomies/<<TaxonomyId>>/categories?channelToken=<<channelToken>>

Get Documents (By name, by metadata):

https://<<OCM_Host>>/content/published/api/v1.1/items?channelToken=<<channelToken>>

This skill can be used in different channels such as MS Teams, Intranet, Slack for use by end users. This skill can also be integrated with any other ODA based chatbot such as Oracle CX Sales in MS Teams which will provide a single window for end users for all conversations related to CRM.

Benefits

Integration of OCM with ODA provides the following benefits:

• Content Adoption: Access to content easily and quickly over chat channel to increase the usage of content.
• Increased Productivity: Employees can work more efficiently by accessing content at their fingertips.
• Single Source: One repository for content across different departments.